[
  {
    "row_id": 1,
    "source": "WERC via Yale summaries",
    "source_type": "survey summary",
    "date": "2021–2025 summaries",
    "start_trigger": "Arrival of goods",
    "stop_trigger": "Put away and recorded in inventory management system",
    "explicit_system_event": "Yes",
    "wait_time_explicitly_included": "Not stated",
    "formula_stated": "No",
    "unit": "hours",
    "selected_passage_locator": "Dock-to-stock metric definition in Yale summaries",
    "coding_note": "Public summaries do not display an arithmetic formula; full WERC report not inspected.",
    "source_ids": "6;7;8;9;10;11",
    "source_url": "https://www.yale.com/globalassets/coms/yale/north-america/documents/white-papers/0000ybc0wp001_e_en-us_benchmarking-and-improving-dc-metrics.pdf ; https://www.yale.com/globalassets/coms/yale/north-america/documents/white-papers/snack-drawer/YALE-1520_WERC-DC-Metrics-infographic.pdf ; https://scg-lm.s3.amazonaws.com/pdfs/Yale-wp-dcmetrics-111324.pdf ; https://s3.amazonaws.com/scg-mmh/pdfs/yale-wp-benchmarking_and_improving_distribution_center_metrics-110823.pdf ; https://s3.amazonaws.com/scg-mmh/pdfs/yale-wp-Improving_dc_%20metrics-071922.pdf ; https://s3.amazonaws.com/scg-mmh/pdfs/yale-wp-dc_metrics-111521.pdf",
    "verified_on": "2026-09-12"
  },
  {
    "row_id": 2,
    "source": "APQC measure 100677",
    "source_type": "benchmark database",
    "date": "Undated; checked 2026-09-12",
    "start_trigger": "Supplier delivery received",
    "stop_trigger": "Put away after inventory recording",
    "explicit_system_event": "Yes",
    "wait_time_explicitly_included": "Yes",
    "formula_stated": "No",
    "unit": "hours",
    "selected_passage_locator": "Opening measure definition and Key Terms: Cycle Time",
    "coding_note": "Average hours is described, but no displayed arithmetic expression is supplied.",
    "source_ids": "1",
    "source_url": "https://www.apqc.org/resources/benchmarking/open-standards-benchmarking/measures/dock-stock-cycle-time-hours-supplier",
    "verified_on": "2026-09-12"
  },
  {
    "row_id": 3,
    "source": "F. Curtis Barry via ISM",
    "source_type": "consultant interview",
    "date": "2023-01-30",
    "start_trigger": "Delivery lands on dock",
    "stop_trigger": "Pickable or reserve bulk location",
    "explicit_system_event": "No",
    "wait_time_explicitly_included": "Not stated",
    "formula_stated": "No",
    "unit": "hours",
    "selected_passage_locator": "Paragraph defining the metric after The Definition",
    "coding_note": "Later WMS discussion is not the selected stop-event definition.",
    "source_ids": "16",
    "source_url": "https://www.ismworld.org/supply-management-news-and-reports/news-publications/inside-supply-management-magazine/blog/2023/2022-01/the-monthly-metric-dock-to-stock-cycle-time/",
    "verified_on": "2026-09-12"
  },
  {
    "row_id": 4,
    "source": "F. Curtis Barry & Company",
    "source_type": "consultant",
    "date": "Undated",
    "start_trigger": "Receipt lands on dock",
    "stop_trigger": "Pickable or bulk reserve location",
    "explicit_system_event": "No",
    "wait_time_explicitly_included": "Not stated",
    "formula_stated": "No",
    "unit": "hours",
    "selected_passage_locator": "Opening explanation of dock-to-stock efficiency",
    "coding_note": "Physical-location wording; no computer event expressly included in that definition.",
    "source_ids": "18",
    "source_url": "https://www.fcbco.com/blog/how-to-assess-your-ecommerce-warehouse-dock-to-stock-efficiency",
    "verified_on": "2026-09-12"
  },
  {
    "row_id": 5,
    "source": "Hopstack",
    "source_type": "WMS vendor",
    "date": "Undated",
    "start_trigger": "Arrival at warehouse dock",
    "stop_trigger": "Appropriate storage location",
    "explicit_system_event": "No",
    "wait_time_explicitly_included": "Not stated",
    "formula_stated": "Yes",
    "unit": "hours",
    "selected_passage_locator": "Opening glossary definition; formula section coded separately",
    "coding_note": "Displayed formula omits a summation when dividing by shipment count; formula present does not mean formula correct.",
    "source_ids": "19",
    "source_url": "https://www.hopstack.io/glossary/dock-to-stock-time",
    "verified_on": "2026-09-12"
  },
  {
    "row_id": 6,
    "source": "Veryable",
    "source_type": "labor marketplace",
    "date": "2024-11-15",
    "start_trigger": "Arrival at warehouse",
    "stop_trigger": "Availability in inventory",
    "explicit_system_event": "Implied",
    "wait_time_explicitly_included": "Not stated",
    "formula_stated": "No",
    "unit": "hours",
    "selected_passage_locator": "Understanding Dock-to-Stock Cycle Time",
    "coding_note": "Availability implies a stock state, but selected definition does not name a computer event.",
    "source_ids": "27",
    "source_url": "https://www.veryableops.com/blog/the-first-step-to-faster-fulfillment-mastering-dock-to-stock-cycle-times",
    "verified_on": "2026-09-12"
  },
  {
    "row_id": 7,
    "source": "Racklify Encyclopedia",
    "source_type": "directory",
    "date": "Updated 2026-03-19",
    "start_trigger": "Arrival at receiving dock",
    "stop_trigger": "Inspected, recorded, and available for picking",
    "explicit_system_event": "Yes",
    "wait_time_explicitly_included": "Not stated",
    "formula_stated": "No",
    "unit": "hours",
    "selected_passage_locator": "Definition of dock-to-stock time",
    "coding_note": "Only definition used; headline improvement claim is not validated.",
    "source_ids": "28",
    "source_url": "https://racklify.com/encyclopedia/speeding-up-how-to-slash-your-dock-to-stock-time-by-50/",
    "verified_on": "2026-09-12"
  },
  {
    "row_id": 8,
    "source": "FHI",
    "source_type": "labor services",
    "date": "2026-03-23",
    "start_trigger": "Arrival at dock",
    "stop_trigger": "Fully received, processed and stored; associated list includes system receipt",
    "explicit_system_event": "Yes",
    "wait_time_explicitly_included": "Not stated",
    "formula_stated": "No",
    "unit": "hours",
    "selected_passage_locator": "What Is Dock-to-Stock Time? plus directly attached process list",
    "coding_note": "The scope list explicitly includes receiving inventory into the system.",
    "source_ids": "20",
    "source_url": "https://www.fhiworks.com/what-is-dock-to-stock-time-and-how-to-reduce-it-in-your-warehouse/",
    "verified_on": "2026-09-12"
  },
  {
    "row_id": 9,
    "source": "Operately",
    "source_type": "software",
    "date": "Undated",
    "start_trigger": "Receiving dock",
    "stop_trigger": "Available inventory",
    "explicit_system_event": "Implied",
    "wait_time_explicitly_included": "Not stated",
    "formula_stated": "Yes",
    "unit": "hours",
    "selected_passage_locator": "KPI definition; formula section coded separately",
    "coding_note": "Per-goods denominator differs from receipt-count denominator; do not mix grains.",
    "source_ids": "29",
    "source_url": "https://kpiexamples.operately.com/inventory-management/average-dock-to-stock-time/",
    "verified_on": "2026-09-12"
  },
  {
    "row_id": 10,
    "source": "Oracle WMS Cloud 25A",
    "source_type": "system report",
    "date": "Version 25A",
    "start_trigger": "Shipment received",
    "stop_trigger": "All LPNs have recorded first-putaway timestamps",
    "explicit_system_event": "Yes",
    "wait_time_explicitly_included": "Not stated",
    "formula_stated": "No",
    "unit": "minutes in example chart; daily average described",
    "selected_passage_locator": "Complete Shipment Data and associated eligibility rules",
    "coding_note": "Recorded first-putaway events, not downstream-availability release. Daily average is described without an arithmetic expression; example graphic uses minutes.",
    "source_ids": "35",
    "source_url": "https://docs.oracle.com/en/cloud/saas/readiness/logistics/25a/wms25a/25A-wms-wn-f36532.htm",
    "verified_on": "2026-09-12"
  },
  {
    "row_id": 11,
    "source": "Interlake Mecalux",
    "source_type": "racking supplier",
    "date": "2021-01-05",
    "start_trigger": "Goods received at loading docks",
    "stop_trigger": "Stored on racks",
    "explicit_system_event": "No",
    "wait_time_explicitly_included": "Not stated",
    "formula_stated": "No",
    "unit": "hours",
    "selected_passage_locator": "What is dock to stock?",
    "coding_note": "Later validation and WMS discussion does not alter the selected physical-location definition.",
    "source_ids": "26",
    "source_url": "https://www.interlakemecalux.com/blog/dock-to-stock",
    "verified_on": "2026-09-12"
  },
  {
    "row_id": 12,
    "source": "s2bi analytics",
    "source_type": "consultant",
    "date": "2026-03-29",
    "start_trigger": "Trailer arrives at dock door",
    "stop_trigger": "Putaway confirmed and inventory available in system",
    "explicit_system_event": "Yes",
    "wait_time_explicitly_included": "Yes",
    "formula_stated": "Yes",
    "unit": "hours",
    "selected_passage_locator": "Metric definition; APQC waiting-time explanation; formula section",
    "coding_note": "The displayed sum-divided-by-receipts expression is a mean. Median advice elsewhere does not change that arithmetic.",
    "source_ids": "24",
    "source_url": "https://s2bianalytics.com/warehouse-receiving-process/",
    "verified_on": "2026-09-12"
  },
  {
    "row_id": 13,
    "source": "Extensiv",
    "source_type": "3PL WMS vendor",
    "date": "Undated",
    "start_trigger": "Physical arrival",
    "stop_trigger": "Put away and pickable",
    "explicit_system_event": "Implied",
    "wait_time_explicitly_included": "Not stated",
    "formula_stated": "Yes",
    "unit": "hours",
    "selected_passage_locator": "Dock-to-Stock Time definition and formula",
    "coding_note": "Pickable state is named without making an explicit computer event part of the definition.",
    "source_ids": "25",
    "source_url": "https://www.extensiv.com/blog/3pl-fulfillment-kpis-formulas-benchmarks",
    "verified_on": "2026-09-12"
  },
  {
    "row_id": 14,
    "source": "C3 Solutions",
    "source_type": "dock scheduling vendor",
    "date": "2026-03-30",
    "start_trigger": "Shipment arrives at receiving dock",
    "stop_trigger": "Fully available in warehouse system",
    "explicit_system_event": "Yes",
    "wait_time_explicitly_included": "Not stated",
    "formula_stated": "No",
    "unit": "hours",
    "selected_passage_locator": "Opening definition and What is dock-to-stock?",
    "coding_note": "Explicit inventory-system endpoint.",
    "source_ids": "21",
    "source_url": "https://www.c3solutions.com/blog-c3/dock-to-stock/",
    "verified_on": "2026-09-12"
  },
  {
    "row_id": 15,
    "source": "SkuNexus",
    "source_type": "software",
    "date": "2018-10-02",
    "start_trigger": "Receipt of goods",
    "stop_trigger": "Items placed in storage",
    "explicit_system_event": "No",
    "wait_time_explicitly_included": "Not stated",
    "formula_stated": "Yes",
    "unit": "hours",
    "selected_passage_locator": "Dock to Stock Cycle Time KPI subsection",
    "coding_note": "Formula sums cycle hours and divides by supplier receipts; system wording in other KPI subsections is not imported.",
    "source_ids": "30",
    "source_url": "https://www.skunexus.com/blog/warehouse-management-kpis",
    "verified_on": "2026-09-12"
  },
  {
    "row_id": 16,
    "source": "Propel Apps",
    "source_type": "software",
    "date": "2024-03-06",
    "start_trigger": "Arrival at warehouse dock",
    "stop_trigger": "Stocked and ready for picking",
    "explicit_system_event": "Implied",
    "wait_time_explicitly_included": "Not stated",
    "formula_stated": "Yes",
    "unit": "minutes or hours",
    "selected_passage_locator": "Dock-to-stock definition; calculation section",
    "coding_note": "Ready-for-picking endpoint; explicit timestamp subtraction appears later.",
    "source_ids": "31",
    "source_url": "https://www.propelapps.com/blog/optimizing-dock-to-stock-cycle-time-a-metric-for-warehouse-operations",
    "verified_on": "2026-09-12"
  },
  {
    "row_id": 17,
    "source": "HashMicro",
    "source_type": "ERP vendor",
    "date": "Published 2026-01-23; updated 2026-07-08",
    "start_trigger": "Arrival at receiving dock",
    "stop_trigger": "Final putaway location",
    "explicit_system_event": "No",
    "wait_time_explicitly_included": "Not stated",
    "formula_stated": "Yes",
    "unit": "minutes or hours",
    "selected_passage_locator": "What Is Dock to Stock?; formula section coded separately",
    "coding_note": "Introduction and later formula also use recorded/available wording. This row codes the dedicated definition, not a claim that the whole article ignores availability.",
    "source_ids": "32",
    "source_url": "https://www.hashmicro.com/my/blog/dock-to-stock-improvement/",
    "verified_on": "2026-09-12"
  },
  {
    "row_id": 18,
    "source": "Worldcraft Logistics",
    "source_type": "3PL",
    "date": "2023-12-12",
    "start_trigger": "Goods received at loading docks",
    "stop_trigger": "Stored on racks",
    "explicit_system_event": "No",
    "wait_time_explicitly_included": "Not stated",
    "formula_stated": "No",
    "unit": "hours",
    "selected_passage_locator": "What is dock to stock?",
    "coding_note": "Later process discussion calls for system updates; not included in this selected definition.",
    "source_ids": "33",
    "source_url": "https://worldcraftlogistics.com/blog/education/dock-to-stock-meaning-and-10-ideas-to-improve-effective-dts-processes",
    "verified_on": "2026-09-12"
  },
  {
    "row_id": 19,
    "source": "Dallas Warehouse Space",
    "source_type": "directory",
    "date": "2024-12-10",
    "start_trigger": "Shipment at receiving dock",
    "stop_trigger": "Available inventory",
    "explicit_system_event": "Implied",
    "wait_time_explicitly_included": "Not stated",
    "formula_stated": "No",
    "unit": "hours",
    "selected_passage_locator": "Opening definition",
    "coding_note": "Later putaway discussion explicitly updates WMS status; opening availability wording is coded separately.",
    "source_ids": "34",
    "source_url": "https://dallaswarehousespace.net/dock-to-stock/",
    "verified_on": "2026-09-12"
  },
  {
    "row_id": 20,
    "source": "PackageX",
    "source_type": "receiving software",
    "date": "2026-02-12",
    "start_trigger": "Products arrive at facility",
    "stop_trigger": "Scanned, stored, and marked available in WMS",
    "explicit_system_event": "Yes",
    "wait_time_explicitly_included": "Not stated",
    "formula_stated": "Yes",
    "unit": "hours",
    "selected_passage_locator": "What is dock to stock?; formula section coded separately",
    "coding_note": "Definition includes system availability; formula expresses availability time minus arrival time.",
    "source_ids": "22",
    "source_url": "https://packagex.io/blog/what-is-dock-to-stock-in-ecommerce",
    "verified_on": "2026-09-12"
  }
]
